DATA COLLECTION / RESEARCH METHODS

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Historical method


  • Data already collected are historical to some degree, because they are based on evidence from and about the past. 

  • Historical research, however, is not merely defined as studying anything from the past. 

  • It implies certain methods and points of view that historians bring to the study of material from the past. 

  • History usually refers simply to an account of the past of human societies. 

  • The process of critically examining and analyzing the records and survivals of the past is called historical method. 

  • The imaginative reconstruction of the past from the data derived by the process is called historiography. 

  • Historical research generally stars with searching for relevant sources and reading very broadly. 

  • Some historians will go directly to the archives to search for the surviving records pertinent to their subjects; other will read widely in secondary sources about the period under study.


Survey method


  • Survey research is a method of collecting data in which a specifically defined group of individuals are asked to answer a number of identical questions. 

  • Survey research is the most common type of social research where a set of questions in the form of questionnaire is used to gather data from the interviewer on specific subject to study.



Anthropological method

  • It is a popularly used method used in social research. 

  • By using this method the social researchers study the family, society, government power structure, culture, heritage, institutions and other socio-economic data of the primitive society.

  • In this method the researcher has to follow the participatory approach and for this reason he has to stay long time in a social community for the purpose of data collection.

  • Now a  days this method is also being used to conduct research on modern society.

 

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