"X" and "Y" Theory

Doglas McGregor suggested that while trying to motivate his subordinates a manager makes certain assumption to predict human behavior. These assumption about human nature influences the

manager's action. He characterized those two sets of assumptions as theory X and theory Y.

Theory "X" is based on the following assumptions:

1. People in general have an inherent dislike for work and avoid it if theycan. They are basically lazy and like to work as little as possible.           

2.Most people have lack of a million.

3.They try to avoid responsibility for fear of failure.

4.They prefer to be ledas they are incapable of directing their own

behavior.

5.They are inherently self-centered and indifferent to organizational needs.

6.They are gullible, not very bright.

7.They are by nature resistant change.

 Theory "Y" is based on the following assumptions:   

                

1. The expenditure of physical and mental efforts is as natural as player rest.

2,The average human being doesn't dislike work.                           

3..External control and threat of punishment aren't towards organizational objectives.

4.Commitment to objectives is function of the rewards associated with their achievement.

5.The average human barns under proper conditions, not only to accept but to seek responsibility

6.The capacity to exercise a relatively high degree of imagination ingenuity and creativity in the solution of organizational problems is widely not narrowly distributed in the population.

7.Under the conditions of modern industrial life, the intellectual potentialities of the average human being are only partially utilized.